Pepsi-Cola enjoyed 17 unbroken years of success. Caleb
now promoted Pepsi sales with the slogan, "Drink Pepsi-Cola. It will satisfy you." Then cameWorld War I, and the
cost of doing business increased drastically. Sugar prices see sawed between record highs and disastrous lows, and so did
the price of producing Pepsi-Cola. Caleb was forced into a series of business gambles just to survive, until finally, after
three exhausting years, his luck ran out and he was bankrupted. By 1921, only two plants remained open. It wasn't until
a successful candy manufacturer, Charles G. Guth, appeared on the scene that the future of Pepsi-Cola was assured. Guth
was president of Loft Incorporated, a large chain of candy stores and soda fountains along the eastern seaboard. He saw Pepsi-Cola
as an opportunity to discontinue an unsatisfactory business relationship with the Coca-Cola Company, and at the same time
to add an attractive drawing card to Loft's soda fountains. He was right. After five owners and 15 unprofitable years,
Pepsi-Cola was once again a thriving national brand.
One oddity of the time, for a number of years, all of Pepsi-Cola's sales were actually administered from a
Baltimore building apparently owned by Coca-Cola, and named for its president. Within two years, Pepsi would earn $1 million
for its new owner. With the resurgence came new confidence, a rarity in those days because the nation was in the early stages
of a severe economic decline that came to be known as the Great Depression.
Today we are inundated with
advertising everywhere we go. From TV and radio advertising, to internet and billboard advertising, its almost impossible
to go one day without seeing some form of advertising. Before modern advertising, companies had to work with what they had
in order to advertise. Broad media outlets either did not exist or were not used by many. Other than newspapers, companies
did not have broad access to consumers as much as they do today.
So how did some of these old companies manage to grow
so large before the days of TV and radio ads? Many chose the medium of tin signs. Today we know them as vintage signs or antique
signs. These colorful painted signs advertised everything from soda and beer to oil and laundry detergent.
Antique auto
signs have become popular to collect. Of course there are vintage signs made by Ford, GM and Dodge, but if you're lucky
you can find antique tin signs from companies that no longer exist. Vintage and antique signs have become a very popular item
to collect. For history fans, antique tin signs offer a glimpse into a simpler time and give insight into how business used
to be. Why Would Companies Choose Tins Signs? Tin signs were a great form of advertising. People could hand them up inside
or outside of business establishments and they did the selling. They could be mailed to places where they could be displayed
and it would benefit both the company and the retailer. Obviously tin signs worked as an advertising medium since many of
the signs still exist and many of the companies that used them are still in business.
Consider popular antique
tin signs made by Coca-Cola and Pepsi, as well as Quaker State and Ford Motor Company. These signs still exist and many are
in original condition, which makes them popular with collectors.
Due to the complexity of the human mind, it has various
levels of consciousness: the state of dreaming, conscious-rational and lastly the subconscious level. This last level is one
which is incapable of logic or reasoning abilities, and cannot differentiate between what is real and what is fictional.
Subliminal messages sent into the subconscious mind
provide it with the basis to grow the message into reality. It is a form of controlling your thoughts, as there is a link
of communication between the subconscious and the conscious mind, allowing it to affect each other. Hence, there has been
much controversy surrounding the usage of these subliminal messages, as hidden persuasive messages have been used to manipulate
the audience. This has been especially noted in commercials and advertising, and in rock music. There has been much criticism
on the use of insidious subliminal messages to increase profits.
Subliminal messages used in advertising or subliminal advertising, are usually in the form of brief visual or audio
messages that your mind does not consciously register what it has seen or heard. There is usually a less than 25% chance that
the message will be picked up by the conscious, and is used to provide stimulus for action.
Subliminal advertising does exist. However, very few marketing agencies endeavor
to insert such messages due to the powerful impact that they can exert on the audience, which would result in overwhelming
negative press that would be received if the subliminal message was detected. This outweighs any potential benefit that the
subliminal advertising may bring.
According
to an April 2006 issue of the New Scientist, research has proven that subliminal advertising messages do work, under the right
conditions. The researchers also found that priming only works when the prime is goal-relevant. In plain English, this means
you’re likely to buy a product that quenches your thirst only if you were already thirsty anyway. Subliminal messages
are thus more useful in priming a target audience to choose one brand over another, rather than in creating an actual need
for the product.
Whilst it is not yet sufficiently
proven that the brief subliminal messages can affect your behavior without your awareness of itPsychology Articles, it is
still debatable if subliminal advertising can be more effective than normal means of promotional communications which people
are consciously aware of.
Posters as a medium to advertise a product or an event
or to make a political point have been around for centuries. After 1870 thought with the invention of new printing techniques
such as lithography it started to be possible to print posters cheaply and quickly with more colours and details hence
allowing more artistic expression. Creating advertising posters was a good way for any struggling artist to make some cash,
so much that some would be painters spent most of their artistic career making posters.
At the same time a good and colourful design attracts the potential customers attention
and can make a product more memorable.Toulouse Lautrec is certainly the most famous early poster artists but he was followed
during the Belle Epoque by artists such as Alphonse Mucha, Grasset and Cheret and many others. From France poster art spread
to other countries and became popular to advertise basically anything from movies to consumer goods, from events to travel.
Advertising posters from the first half of the century are now all collectible and some can be worth a lot of money. Visually
strong political posters became popular again in the 1960s.
If you don't want to invest in an original vintage advertising poster you can still buy posters and prints of
these posters at very affordable prices and they will give a touch of colour and class to your wall and home decor.
The first known advertisement in the USA was for the
snuff and tobacco products of P. Lokllard and Company and was placed in the New York daily paper in 1789. Local and regional
newspapers were used because of the small-scale production and transportation of these goods. The first real brand name to
become known on a bigger scale in the USA was "Bull Durham" which emerged in 1868, with the advertising placing
the emphasis on how easy it was "to roll your own". The development of color lithography in the late 1870s allowed
the companies to create attractive images to better present their products. This led to the printing of pictures onto the
cigarette cards, previously only used to stiffen the packaging but now turned into an early marketing concept. By the
last quarter of the 19th century, magazines such as Punch carried advertisements for different brands of cigarettes, snuff,
and pipe tobacco. Advertising was significantly helped by the distribution of free or subsidized branded cigarettes to troops
during World War I and World War II. Before
the 1970s, most tobacco advertising was legal in the United States and most European nations. In the United States, in the
1950s and 1960s, cigarette brands were frequently sponsors of television shows—most notably shows such as To Tell the
Truth and I've Got a Secret. One of the
most famous television jingles of the era came from an advertisement for Winston cigarettes. The slogan "Winston tastes
good like a cigarette should!" proved to be catchy, and is still quoted today. When used to introduce Gunsmoke (gun =
smoke), two gun shots were heard in the middle of the jingle just when listeners were expecting to hear the word "cigarette".
Other popular slogans from the 1960s were "Us Tareyton smokers would rather fight than switch!," which was used
to advertise Tareyton cigarettes, and "I'd Walk a Mile for a Camel". In 1954, tobacco companies
ran the ad "A Frank Statement." The ad was the first in a campaign to dispute reports that smoking cigarettes could
cause lung cancer and had other dangerous health effects.
In the 1950s, manufacturers began adding filter tips to cigarettes to remove some of the tar and nicotine as they
were smoked. "Safer," "less potent" cigarette brands were also introduced. Light cigarettes became so
popular that, as of 2004, half of American smokers preferred them over regular cigarettes, According to The Federal
Government’s National Cancer Institute (NCI), light cigarettes provide no benefit to smokers' health. In 1964,
the Surgeon General of the United States released the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee Report on Smoking and Health.
It was based on over 7000 scientific articles that linked tobacco use with cancer and other diseases. This report led to laws
requiring warning labels on tobacco products and to restrictions on tobacco advertisements. As these began to come into force,
tobacco marketing became more subtle, with sweets shaped like cigarettes put on the market, and a number of advertisements
designed to appeal to children, particularly those featuring Joe Camel resulting in increased awareness and uptake of smoking
among children. However, restrictions did have an effect on adult quit rates, with its use declining to the point that by
2004, nearly half of all Americans who had ever smoked had stopped.
If you have a toothache you would likely receive some
much needed relief from cocaine toothache drops. Yes, from cocaine toothache drops! These substances are not legal today,
but many decades ago they were and were embraced by kids and their parents. It is quite surprising that when cocaine was first
discovered it was considered to be a miracle drug and companies that sold products with cocaine as an ingredient actively
advertised this. Other illegal drugs today were also used in preparations including heroin and morphine. In fact, morphine
was used in a syrup to soothe infants and calm them during the early days. Soon it was obvious that many of the products were
habit forming and ingredients like cocaine, morphine, heroin, were removed from said products or they were no longer offered.
That’s what happened to cocaine toothache drops because they weren’t effective without the cocaine! Coca Cola
survived, but it also removed cocaine from its ingredient list.
The reason cocaine toothache drops were effective is because cocaine is known to be a local anesthetic that is quite
effective. In fact, in the early days cocaine was used as an anesthetic. Today, cocaine is no longer used as an anesthetic
by the medical field simply because it has side effects that are not desirable like mood elevation and euphoria. As a result,
cocaine toothache drops were popular with parents, kids, and everyone in between simply because they not only relieved the
pain but they also improved the sufferer’s mood! There were even throat drops that contained cocaine to help teachers,
singers, and others who spoke regularly to help their sore throat in addition to giving them extra energy and a mood booster.
“Have It Your Way”, “Just Do It”,
“Ipod, Therefore I Am”, “Reach Out and Touch Someone”, “It’s Everywhere You Want To Be”,
“Finger Lickin’ Good”, “Got Milk?”, “Be All You Can Be”--We have heard these slogans
many times during the course of a day in some fashion or other. What they all have in common is that they are directed toward
teenagers. Teenagers are probably more influenced by advertising than any other age group, and they are really not aware of
it.
While advertising generated modern anxieties about its
social and ethical implications, it nevertheless acquired a new centrality in the 1920s. Consumer spending–fueled in
part by the increased availability of consumer credit–on automobiles, radios, household appliances, and leisure time
activities like spectator sports and movie going paced a generally prosperous 1920s. Advertising promoted
these products and services. The rise of mass circulation magazines,
radio broadcasting and to a lesser extent motion pictures provided new media for advertisements to reach consumers. President
Calvin Coolidge pronounced a benediction on the business of advertising in a 1926 speech: “Advertising ministers to
the spiritual side of trade. It is a great power that has been intrusted to your keeping which charges you with the high responsibility
of inspiring and ennobling the commercial world. It is all part of the greater work of regeneration and redemption of mankind.”
If you love to collect advertising and old advertisements,
then turn to the internet and the re-use centers, and your local newspaper. A great place to start, is the re-use centers,
flea markets, second hand stores, and garage sales. Make sure to be dressed comfortable, in older clothes, because you will
be doing some digging, through old boxes etc! Most of the re-use centers will have old magazines in boxes, that you will have
to dig through. This is a good place to start because many people who are clearing out aging relatives homes, don't know
what to do with the collections of older magazines, books etc that may have been accumulating in some basements for years,
so they will dump them off at these re-use centers. Many are pack rats, which of course is good for you, if you are looking
for older advertising.
Another way, is to place an ad in your local paper, that you are looking for older magazines
and newspapers (as an example) and you are willing to come and pick them up. There are people who will take you up on that
offer just to get boxes of old magazines out of their basement.
Once you have located some great ads, or magazines,
or labels, take your treasures home and put them in al album right away, somewhere flat and away from sunlight, and try to
find out as much information about the ad that you can, don't leave them laying around the house like clutter either!..
make sure to do something with them right away, take out the ad and discard the parts you don't want, and do that right
away, or you will end up with the same clutter as the houses you took them from!
With magazines, pull or carefully
cut out the entire page of the ad, this way there should be a date on the page (hopefully) and then place it carefully in
a album with plastic sheeting to protect it. If vintage magazine advertisements are your passion, then why not have themed
albums, showing ads for "fishing" or "hunting" or "household" that type of thing.
You
can also start a business with this collection of vintage advertising, as this has become a popular hobby. If you have exhausted
your local re-use centers, garage sales, etc, then why not try shopping online?.. This way you can get advertisements from
all over the world and expand your collection. You don't even need to leave your house. Just make sure to catalogue and
label your albums. Collecting vintage magazine ads, will take up less space in your home, as you place the albums on shelves
etc... now if you are collecting large vintage restaurant signs, then you may need a bigger house
The era of the vintage pin up girls is generally
accepted as starting from the late 1930s and lasting until the early 1960s. Representations of the female form have always
been a popular form of art, from the day that prehistoric man first picked up a piece of charcoal and drew his mate on a cave
wall, but it was to be many millions of years later before it became a form of commercial pop art.
It can reasonably
be assumed that the popularity of the pinup girl as we know her grew in line with the development of the popular media, and
the movies were likely the start of it all. The famous stars were often given nicknames, such as Clara Bow (the 'It Girl'),
the 'Blonde Bombshell', Jean Harlow and Lana Turner, known as 'the Sweater Girl'. Their photographs were also
much prized, because cameras were not the domain of the ordinary person in the earlier parts of the 20th century.
Had
you lived during these early years in the development of cinematography and photography, the representations of your favorite
stars would have been much sought after. You would have prized a photograph of your favorite movie star, although you would
not have recognized it as being a 'pin up' because the term did not become part of the English language until 1941.
In fact, the era of the vintage pin up girls really kicked off with the Second World War in Europe in 1939 and Asia in 1941,
when first the British and then the American forces pinned photographs of their favorite stars to their barrack walls, locker
doors and even to the sides of their foxholes and trenches during battle.
The vintage pin up girls of that era included
'The Profane Angel' (Carole Lombard), the Girl with the Million Dollar Legs (Betty Grable) and all of the above mentioned
stars. Singer Vera Lynn also figured prominently on British walls, but a major reason for their popularity was that they offered
hope and a sense of glamour to men who might die shortly, and also a contact with home when they were thousands of miles away
fighting a faceless enemy.
Many men also posted up pictures of their mom or girlfriend, but Betty, Gloria (Swanson) or
Carole was also there, along with Vivien Leigh after the 1939 production of 'Gone With the Wind'. In fact, the term
'pin up girls' is believed to have been first used in 1941 simply, because these actresses and singers were pinned
up on their walls.
It was not the first time that movie stars were pinned up on men's walls, but it was recognized
as the vintage pin up girls era because of the sheer volume of pinups covering untold walls all over Europe and the Far East.
Rather than drop off once hostilities had ceased it continued, although eventually in a different form, and is still alive
to this day. Habits die hard, and as stated above men didn't stop collecting pinups just because the war had ended, only
the 1950s saw the beginnings of the mass production of scantily dressed females intended only to titivate, where previously
the initial veteran pin up girls had been no more than promotional takes, designed to sell movies. In using the word 'initial',
there are no doubts that many of the later photographs circulated during the war years were taken specifically for the troops
and intended to be 'pinned up'! The post-war years brought with them an upsurge in consumerism and advertising, and
the pin up girls were detected as great advertising subjects. The artist Haddon Sunblom developed the idea of the scantily
dressed 'normal girl' promoting products such as showers and underwear, which was a break with the previous tradition
in that professional models were portrayed as 'the girl next door', rather than using well known celebrities (though
the term 'celeb' was yet to be devised). Playboy Magazine's 1959 centerfold of Marilyn Monroe wearing nothing
but Chanel No 5 was the beginning of the end of the vintage pin up girls, and the beginning of the professional pinups, or
nude photographs aimed specifically at men, although it would be another 11 years before actual pubic hair was permitted to
be legal displayed in publications on general sale. Previously, 'certain parts' had been covered by arms or carefully
posed legs. The years of the vintage pin up girls did not last long, because World War II was followed by a general sigh of
relief and the beginnings of the permissive society where the 'slightly naughty' became commonplace, and the
era of the nude calendar was just around the corner. This brought an end to the innocence that could be excited by a flash
of cleavage and, and also an end to vintage pin up girls and the beginning of the professional nude models.
Vintage posters or prints can make a huge difference
to your home decor. Well-placed and displayed in quality frames, vintage posters become real eye-catchers that can say a lot
about your home to your visitors.
Let's
begin with some basics. What are vintage posters or vintage prints? They range from advertising posters to ornamental prints
or works of art. The term 'vintage' reveals that they not only come from a bygone era, but more importantly that they
capture something of that bygone era, whether it be a mood, style, idea or practice of the time.
This is precisely why reproduction vintage posters are so
popular nowadays. It is that flavour of the past, that vintage reference, that people want in the form of images on the walls
of their home. Let's face it, nowadays life for most people is hectic, stressful and tiring. Vintage poster prints hark
back to a time when things at least seemed more simple, more easy-going and relaxed.
By looking so different from modern images, vintage posters and images also provide
that element which is something almost of the exotic, a glimpse into another way of life no longer accessible to the inhabitant
of the modern world. It is this that generates interest too, especially in the eye of the visitor to a home with vintage artwork
on its walls -- yes, vintage posters are certainly a talking point.
So what kinds of vintage posters are available? They cover a vast range of subject areas, and of course you should
go for those that specifically interest you. Amongst the most popular poster prints of this 'olde world' category
are vintage bicycle posters. As vintage bicycles were often so different in design from modern cycles, vintage cycling posters
often present fascinating insights into the past, as well as conjuring up nostalgic, sometimes comical, and even occasionally
risque images.
Another popular category
of vintage posters is Vintage French Posters. It is of course the reputation of France for sophisticated culture and art that
makes this poster category so popular. Within this category you will find posters covering diverse subjects such as the Moulin
Rouge, Chamonix vintage skiing posters,old Nice and Cannes travel, cafe society posters, Vogue magazine covers, cheeses and
even Air France. One of the most popular and delightful images in this group is the 'Ballooning over Paris' poster,
complete with the Eiffel Tower and a wide landscape of old-fashioned hot air balloons. I provide access links leading to all
of these poster categories at the foot of this article.
Other vintage poster art comes in the form of vintage sports posters, vintage wine posters, cats, old santa posters,
political images, Rock 'n' Roll posters and many more.
So, now you know how to give your home that sophisticated yet care-free look. But note that the difference between
using vintage posters framed as opposed to unframed is a large one. While an unframed vintage poster is acceptable in the
kitchen, in more formal areas of the house framing is essential if you are to create a chic and sophisticated look. The links
below will direct you to the leading internet poster company that will enable you to order your posters either framed or unframed.
The same advertising techniques used to promote commercial
goods and services can be used to inform, educate and motivate the public about non-commercial issues, such as HIV/AIDS, political
ideology, energy conservation and deforestation. Advertising, in its non-commercial guise, is a powerful educational
tool capable of reaching and motivating large audiences. "Advertising justifies its existence when used in the public
interest—it is much too powerful a tool to use solely for commercial purposes." Attributed to Howard Gossage by
David Ogilvy.
Public service advertising,
non-commercial advertising, public interest advertising, cause marketing, and social marketing are different terms for (or
aspects of) the use of sophisticated advertising and marketing communications techniques (generally associated with commercial
enterprise) on behalf of non-commercial, public interest issues and initiatives. In the United States, the granting
of television and radio licenses by the FCC is contingent upon the station broadcasting a certain amount of public service
advertising. To meet these requirements, many broadcast stations in America air the bulk of their required public service
announcements during the late night or early morning when the smallest percentage of viewers are watching, leaving more day
and prime time commercial slots available for high-paying advertisers. Public service advertising reached its height during
World Wars I and II under the direction of more than one government. During WWII President Roosevelt commissioned the creation
of The War Advertising Council (now known as the Ad Council) which is the nations largest developer of PSA campaigns on behalf
of government agencies and non-profit organizations.
The Nike brand has become so strong as to place it in
the rarified air of recession-proof consumer branded giants, in the company of Coca- Cola, Gillette and Proctor & Gamble.
Brand management is one of Nike’s many strengths. Consumers are willing to pay more for brands that they judge to be
superior in quality, style and reliability. A strong brand allows its owner to expand market share, command higher prices
and generate more revenue than its competitors. With its “Just Do It” campaign and strong product, Nike was able
to increase its share of the domestic sport-shoe business from 18 percent to 43 percent, from $877 million in worldwide sales
to $9.2 billion in the ten years between 1988 and 1998. Nike spent $300 million on overseas advertising alone; most of it
centered around the “Just Do It” campaign. The success of the campaign is that much more remarkable when one considers
that an estimated 80 percent of the sneakers sold in the U.S. are never used for the activities for which they have been designed.
Advertisements in colonial America were most frequently
announcements of goods on hand, but even in this early period, persuasive appeals accompanied dry descriptions. Benjamin Franklin’s
Pennsylvania Gazette reached out to readers with new devices like headlines, illustrations, and advertising placed next to
editorial material. Eighteenth- and nineteenth-century advertisements were not only for consumer goods. A particularly disturbing
form of early American advertisements were notices of slave sales or appeals for the capture of escaped slaves. (For examples
of these ads, visit theVirginia Runaways Project site at http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/runaways/) Historians have
used these advertisements as sources to examine tactics of resistanceand escape, to study the health, skills, and other characteristics
of enslaved men and women, and to explore slaveholders’ perceptions of the people they held in bondage. Despite the
ongoing “market revolution,” early and mid- nineteenth-century advertisements rarely demonstrate striking changes
in advertising appeals. Newspapers almost never printed ads wider than a single column and generally eschewed illustrations
and even special typefaces. Magazine ad styles were also restrained, with most publications segregating advertisements on
the back pages. Equally significant, until late in the nineteenth century, there were few companies mass producing branded
consumer products. Patent medicine ads proved the main exception to this pattern. In an era when conventional medicine seldom
provided cures, manufacturers of potions and pills vied for consumer attention with large, often outrageous, promises and
colourful, dramatic advertisements.
In the 1880s, industries ranging from soap to canned
food to cigarettes introduced new production techniques, created standardized products in unheard-of quantities, and sought
to find and persuade buyers. National advertising of branded goods emerged in this period in response to profound changes
in the business environment. Along with the manufacturers, other businesses also turned to
advertising. Large department stores in rapidly-growing cities, such as Wanamaker’s
in Philadelphia and New York, Macy’s in New York, and Marshall Field’s in Chicago, also pioneered new advertising
styles. For rural markets, the Sears Roebuck and Montgomery Ward mail-order catalogues offered everything from buttons to
kits with designs and materials for building homes to Americans who lived in the countryside–a majority of the U.S.
population until about 1920. By one commonly used measure, total advertising volume in the United States grew from about $200
million in 1880 to nearly $3 billion in 1920.
Vintages posters never went out of style. While the
artwork and glittery pageantry that set vintage posters a class apart are missing in today's advertising, businesses and
homes are compensating for it by investing in vintage advertisements like never before. The art makes them a good investment
for collectors, their uniqueness goes well with the tastes of the discerning homeowner, and the advertising jargon sits well
with chocolate manufacturers. No wonder the vintage posters of chocolate/candy are so much in demand today.
Helping you along on your quest to find the best vintage poster
featuring chocolates and candies are online stores and galleries. Here, you can search according to keywords or select tags.
Once you have selected a poster, you have to pick options such as type of frames and shipping.
Whether you are a collector or advertiser, you need to keep in mind
that vintage posters in good condition are hard to find and they are expensive. The rarer the poster prints or print editions,
the more difficult your mission becomes. Homeowners can get away with classy posters with edges a little torn or corners that
roll up a bit - an innovative frame can take care of that. Besides, posters in poor condition are cheaper.
